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Media Coverage of Andrew Koppelman's Recent YLJO Essay, Bad News for Mail Robbers

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Two weeks after publication, Andrew Koppelman's Yale Law Journal Online Essay, Bad News for Mail Robbers: The Obvious Constitutionality of Health Care Reform, has received widespread attention from commentators in the blogosphere, Twittersphere, and general media.  

In his essay, Koppleman analyzes Judge Vinson’s opinion in Florida v. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (striking down the Affordable Care Act). Judge Vinson said that individual mandate was not a “Necessary and Proper” extension of the Act’s insurance industry reforms; instead, “the individual mandate is actually being used as the means to avoid the adverse consequences of the Act itself.” Koppelman shows why that reasoning amounts to a fallacy:

If . . . Congress has no power to address negative consequences that follow from its own statutory scheme, then Marshall was wrong about mail robbery after all. Mail robbery is an adverse consequence of Congress’s decision to establish a post office: had it not done that, all those valuable documents would not be gathered together in one place. But, you might say, That sounds crazy; of course Congress can decide that it’s worth having a post office, even if establishing one creates negative side effects, which then must be addressed. But if—as Vinson admitted—Congress can also decide that people with preexisting conditions can be protected, then how can the cases be distinguished?

For some thoughts from commentators, see: 

Upcoming YLJ Summer Receptions: Save the Date!

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The Yale Law Journal will be hosting its second set of annual summer receptions for alumni and current editors. The receptions will take place in San Francisco, New York City, and Washington, D.C. on the following dates: 

San Francisco
Monday, July 25th, 2011
6 - 8 pm 

New York City 
Wednesday, July 27th, 2011 
7 - 9 pm 

Washington, D.C. 
Thursday, July 28th, 2011
6 - 8 pm  

More details will follow in the next issue of the alumni newsletter. To RSVP to a reception or to subscribe to the alumni newsletter, please email Usha Chilukuri at usha.chilukuri@yale.edu.  

Judicial Review and Health Care Reform: Applying Jeremy Waldron's The Core of the Case Against Judicial Review

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In his YLJ Essay The Core of the Case Against Judicial Review, Jeremy Waldron argues that it is fundamentally undemocratic to allow judges to strike down legislation. Jeremy Waldron, The Core of the Case Against Judicial Review, 115 Yale L.J. 1346 (2006). A few days ago, Dahlia Lithwick applied Waldron's argument to recent debates on health care reform and on the Sixth Circuit ACA case in Dahlia Lithwick, Judicial Review Under Review, Slate, May 16, 2011, http://www.slate.com/id/2293875/.

Ezra Klein gave a nod to both Lithwick and Waldron:
Ezra Klein, Ryan's Medicare Plan Unfinished?, Wonkbook (May 17, 2011, 7:46 AM), http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ezra-klein/post/wonkbook-ryans-medicare-plan-finished/2011/05/17/AFJrdg5G_blog.html

The full text of Waldron's essay is available in PDF format here. For full-text PDFs of our archived content, please visit our Archive page.

Media Coverage of Betsy Cooper's YLJO Essay, Judges in Jeopardy!: Could IBM’s Watson Beat Courts At Their Own Game?

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In Judges in Jeopardy!: Could IBM’s Watson Beat Courts at Their Own Game?, Betsy Cooper examines IBM’s Watson computer and how it might affect the process by which new textualists interpret statutes. Cooper describes new textualism as being founded on the ‘ordinary meaning’ of language. She writes: “New textualists believe in reducing the discretion of judges in analyzing statutes. Thus, they advocate for relatively formulaic and systematic interpretative rules. How better to limit the risk of normative judgments creeping into statutory interpretation than by allowing a computer to do the work?”

Cooper’s essay considers how Watson – the IBM computer which won a resounding victory against prized human contestants on Jeopardy – might fare as a new textualist. She concludes that Watson has many advantages over humans. For example, a computer can pinpoint the frequency with which a phrase is used in a particular statutory context, and can “estimate the frequency within which each connotation arises, to determine which is most ‘ordinary.’” And Watson avoids bias: “when he makes mistakes, these mistakes are not due to any biases in his evaluation scheme “ because the computer has “no normative ideology of his own.”

Nevertheless, Cooper ultimately concludes that Watson has a fatal flaw: it lacks a normative ideology that is essential for ethical judging. Watson can provide to judges “a baseline against which to evaluate their own interpretations of ‘ordinary meaning,’” but cannot replace the job of judging itself.

For some thoughts from commentators, see:
  • Dan Nosowitz, Yale Law Journal Ponders the Wisdom of IBM Robot Watson As a Judge, Popular Sci. (Sept. 9, 2011, 2:20 PM), http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-09/yale-law-journal-ponders-wisdom-ibm-robot-watson-judge. 
  • Ryan Calo, Artificial Clerks, Concurring Opinions (Sept. 7, 2011, 6:06 PM), http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2011/09/artificial-clerks.html.

Please Pardon Our Appearance as We Implement Website Changes

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The Yale Law Journal is currently in the process of making some exciting changes to our web interface. Please pardon our appearance as we launch new functionalities. If you encounter any errors, please click here to email Julie Wang, Volume 121 Executive Development Editor. Thank you for your patience. 

Recent Media Coverage of YLJO Essay, The Myth of Prosecutorial Accountability After Connick v. Thompson: Why Existing Professional Responsibility Measures Cannot Protect Against Prosecutorial Misconduct

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In a recent New York Times article on the upcoming Smith v. Cain oral argument before the Supreme Court, Campbell Robertson and Adam Liptak cite The Myth of Prosecutorial Accountability After Connick v. Thompson: Why Existing Professional Responsibility Measures Cannot Protect Against Prosecutorial Misconduct for the proposition that "prosecutors who withhold evidence are almost never disciplined." Andrew Rosenthal also referenced the YLJO essay in his New York Times editorial: he quotes Lincoln Caplan, a fellow editor at The Times, in noting that "[a] group of Yale Law School students recently published a report on 'The Myth of Prosecutorial Accountability After Connick v. Thompson,' which is unsettling but well worth reading." Jarvis DeBerry of NOLA.com has discussed the piece in his article and Deborah Jane Cooper, one of the authors of the YLJO essay, has written further on the topic in an opinion in The National Law Journal

In The Myth of Prosecutorial Accountability After Connick v. Thompson: Why Existing Professional Responsibility Measures Cannot Be Protected After Prosecutorial Misconduct, David Keenan, Deborah Jane Cooper, David Lebowitz, and Tamar Lerer examine prosecutorial accountability in the wake of Connick v. Thompson, a recent Supreme Court case overturning a $14 million jury verdict awarded to a man who spent fourteen years on death row after prosecutors withheld key exculpatory evidence during his trial. The Court based its decision in part on the availability of other measures to check prosecutorial misconduct, including state professional disciplinary procedures. Keenan, Cooper, Lebowitz, and Lerer challenge this presumption by undertaking a detailed analysis of these procedures in all fifty states. They demonstrate that these measures are ineffective tools for accountability and recommend several strategies for strengthening professional conduct rules and grievance procedures to deter and sanction prosecutorial misconduct.

Please click here to read the YLJO Essay in full.

Recent Media Coverage of YLJ Article, Outcasting: Enforcement in Domestic and International Law

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Legal Theory Blog has named YLJ article Outcasting: Enforcement in Domestic and International Law as its recommended “Download of the Week.” Opinio Juris has also held a symposium on the article, with commentaries from Samantha Besson, Gary Bass, and Michael Helfand, among others. Responses from Oona A. Hathaway and Scott J. Shapiro, authors of the article, follow. 

In Outcasting: Enforcement in Domestic and International Law, an article in Issue 2 of Volume 121 of YLJ, Hathaway and Shapiro examine “outcasting,” a nonviolent method of law enforcement that denies the benefits of social cooperation and membership to the disobedient. Hathaway and Shapiro illustrate that outcasting underpins legal regimes from medieval Iceland to the World Trade Organization. The article demonstrates that the traditional critique of international law—that it is not enforced and is therefore not “real” law—ignores the fact that outcasting in international law resembles similar forms of nonviolent enforcement that have sustained a variety of legal regimes for centuries.

 

Recent Media Coverage of YLJ Feature, Before (and After) Roe v. Wade: New Questions About Backlash

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In her recent New Yorker article entitled Birthright, Jill Lepore cites to Linda Greenhouse and Reva Siegel’s Before (and After) Roe v. Wade: New Questions About Backlash from Issue 8 of Volume 120 of The Yale Law Journal. Lepore writes:

But Linda Greenhouse and Reva Siegel, both of whom teach at Yale Law School, have argued that th[e] conventional narrative [of Roe v. Wade] gets history backward. In an article published in the Yale Law Journal in June, they suggest that what happened after Roe was a consequence not of the Court’s ruling but of G.O.P. strategists’ attempt to redefine the Party—before Roe. In their account, if there’s a villain it’s not Harry Blackmun; it’s Richard Nixon.1

In their Feature essay, Greenhouse and Siegel challenge the common belief that the Supreme Court was the one to blame for the consequences of Roe v. Wade. They address “abortion conflict as an expression of politics—a conflict in which the Supreme Court was not the only or even the most important actor.”2 Greenhouse and Siegel reveal that just prior to Richard Nixon’s 1972 campaign, the Democrats held a more conservative stance on abortion than did the Republicans, and that the conflict over Roe developed as the parties adjusted and realigned their respective positions. Greenhouse and Siegel conclude that “the dominance of the ‘Court-caused-it’ backlash narrative has shortchanged both legal scholars and the general public of a more complete understanding of an important chapter in America’s social, political, and legal history.” According to Greenhouse and Siegel, conflict in constitutional interpretation emerges from “sources outside as well as inside the courtroom,” a reality that the “conventional Court-centered narrative” all too often ignores.3

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Jill Lepore, American Chronicles, Birthright, The New Yorker, November 14, 2011 at 44, 52, available at http://archives.newyorker.com/?i=2011-11-14#folio=052.
Linda Greenhouse & Reva Siegel, Before (and After) Roe v. Wade: New Questions About Backlash, 120 Yale L.J. 228, 228 (2011), available at http://www.yalelawjournal.org/images/pdfs/987.pdf.
3 Id. at 2086.


The Yale Law Journal is now available on Kindle, iBooks, and Nook

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The Yale Law Journal is now available on eReader formats for Amazon Kindle, Apple iBooks, and Barnes & Noble Nook. Each complete issue is available for $0.99.

For all available YLJ issues in Kindle format, please click here. For iBooks versions, please search for “Yale Law Journal” in iBooks or iTunes. For Nook editions, please click here.

Receive YLJ Updates through Facebook and Twitter

Recent Media Coverage of Forthcoming YLJ Note, Locking the Doors to Discovery? Conceptual Challenges in and Empirical Results for Assessing the Effects of Twombly and Iqbal on Access to Discovery

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A forthcoming YLJ Note has already received attention from legal commentators. Jonah Gelbach, a second-year student at Yale Law School, has written a Note titled Locking the Doors to Discovery? Conceptual Challenges in and Empirical Results for Assessing the Effects of Twombly and Iqbal on Access to Discovery. Read Lawrence Solum’s discussion of the Note on Legal Theory Blog and Alison Frankel’s On the Case post about it on the Thomson Reuters legal news site

In the forthcoming Note, Gelbach uses publicly available data and a new empirical approach to study the effects of the Supreme Court’s decisions in Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly and Ashcroft v. Iqbal. Although the grant rate for Rule 12(b)(6) motions to dismiss pre-Twombly is about the same as the grant rate for Rule 12(b)(6) motions to dismiss post-Iqbal, Gelbach shows that defendants file Rule 12(b)(6) motions much more frequently post-Iqbal than they had in the pre-Twombly era.

Gelbach concludes that “among cases not involving financial instruments, civil rights, or employment discrimination, at least 18% of those that faced a Rule 12(b)(6) MTD during the post-Iqbal period ultimately will have been prevented from reaching discovery on at least one claim as a result of the switch to heightened pleading.” Gelbach also casts doubt on the common expectation that Twombly and Iqbal would have the most dramatic effects in the civil rights and employment discrimination contexts: his lower-bound estimates for the effects of Twombly and Iqbal on civil rights and employment discrimination cases are almost exactly the same as his lower-bound estimate for the effects of the decisions on other types of suits.

Gelbach’s Note will be published in Volume 121 of The Yale Law Journal in 2012. To read a preliminary draft on SSRN, please click here.

Recent Media Coverage of YLJ Essays

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Legal Theory Blog has recently recommended two Yale Law Journal essays: Abbe R. Gluck’s Intrastatutory Federalism and Statutory Interpretation: State Implementation of Federal Law in Health Reform and Beyond; and Michael C. Dorf and Neil Siegel’s forthcoming YLJO essay, “Early-Bird Special” Indeed!: Why the Tax Anti-Injunction Act Permits the Present Challenges to the Minimum Coverage Provision. Mike Sacks and John Celock also feature a discussion of Dorf and Siegel’s essay in their recent Huffington Post article, Supreme Court Can’t Dodge Health Care Law’s Fate Under Bill From GOP Lawmaker.

In Intrastatutory Federalism and Statutory Interpretation: State Implementation of Federal Law in Health Reform and Beyond, published in the December 2011 issue, Abbe R. Gluck explores the oft-ignored topic of state implementation of federal law. Gluck raises the question of whether doctrine should protect “intrastatutory federalism,” which she defines as the “informal federalism” that emerges when states carry out acts of Congress. She argues that statutory interpretation canons fail to address the complicated issues that arise in the intrastatutory-federalism context, and she suggests a range of possible doctrinal responses to this increasingly prevalent phenomenon.

In “Early-Bird Special” Indeed!: Why the Tax Anti-Injunction Act Permits the Present Challenges to the Minimum Coverage Provision, Michael C. Dorf and Neil Siegel examine whether the Tax Anti-Injunction Act (TAIA) bars the Supreme Court from reviewing the current challenges to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). While most of the commentary on the TAIA issue has focused on the question of whether the ACA’s penalty provisions fall within the TAIA’s definition of “tax,” Dorf and Siegel adopt an alternative and original approach. Dorf and Siegel argue that the TAIA does not bar the review because “the present challenges to the ACA do not have ‘the purpose’ of restraining tax assessment or collection.” That purpose must be immediate because if the TAIA extended to challenges with the indirect purpose of restraining tax assessment or collection, it would also bar tax refund suits. ACA challenges cannot have the direct purpose of barring review because “the very authority to assess or collect will not exist until long after the litigation is concluded.”

Journal Joins Legal Workshop

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The Legal Workshop

The Yale Law Journal has recently become a contributing member of The Legal Workshop, joining Cornell Law Review, Duke Law Journal, Georgetown Law Journal, NYU Law Review, Northwestern University Law Review, Stanford Law Review, and William and Mary Law Review. For its debut post, YLJ has contributed The Incidental Unconstitutionality of the Individual Mandate, by Gary S. Lawson and David B. Kopel.

The post is based on Gary Lawson & David B. Kopel, Bad News for Professor Koppelman: The Incidental Unconstitutionality of the Individual Mandate, 121 Yale L.J. Online 267 (2011), http://yalelawjournal.org/2011/11/08/lawson&kopel.html. That YLJO Essay was written as a reply to Andrew Koppelman, Bad News for Mail Robbers: The Obvious Constitutionality of Health Care Reform, 121 Yale L.J. Online 1 (2011), http://yalelawjournal.org/2011/04/26/koppelman.html. For subsequent installments in this series, see Andrew Koppelman, Bad News for Everybody: Lawson and Kopel on Health Care Reform and Originalism, 121 Yale L.J. Online 515 (forthcoming March 2012); and Gary Lawson & David B. Kopel, Bad News for John Marshall, 121 Yale L.J. Online 529 (forthcoming March 2012).

Recent Media Coverage of YLJ Content

In a post on Election Law Blog, Professor Rick Hasen has recommended Fran Faircloth’s Comment, The Future of the Voting Rights Act: Lessons from the History of School (Re-)Segregation. The comment was published in the January 2012 issue of The Yale Law Journal. Faircloth is Managing Editor of Volume 121 and a third-year student at Yale Law School.

Presenting Volume 123's Newest Editors

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